GUAN AND SHAMING AMONG CHINESE FAMILIES IN THE UNITED STATES: THE MODERATING EFFECTS OF PERCEIVED CULTURAL NORMATIVENESS

This study utilized a confluence of propositions within interpersonal acceptance-rejection theory, the developmental niche model, model of acculturation strategies, and the cultural normativeness hypothesis to examine links between shaming and training parenting strategies, and psychological and academic outcomes among children of Chinese immigrants living in the U.S. The sample consisted of 51 Chinese ninth and tenth grade children and their mothers residing in the Cleveland metropolitan area. Mothers and children were asked to complete the Parental Training Scale, Critical Comparison and Shaming Questionnaire (CCS), and also asked about their perception of the normativeness of these parenting practices in their community. Mothers also filled out the Kessler 10 Psychological Distress Scale, and children were asked to report on their end of year letter grades. The research questions explored included: (1) What was the prevalence of the use of guan and shaming among Chinese-American mothers and did they vary by generational status and socio-economic status? (2) What were the direct associations between maternal use of guan and shaming and Chinese American 9th and 10th grade children’s psychological distress and academic performance? and (3) Did children’s perceptions of the normativeness of the use of guan and shaming moderate the associations between the use of guan and shaming and children’s psychological distress and academic performance? Did mother’s perceptions of the normativeness of the use of guan and shaming moderate the associations between their use of guan and shaming and children’s psychological distress and academic performance? Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple regression techniques. Results indicated that mothers in the study strongly endorsed guan parenting, but less so shaming parenting. Mothers’ reports of shaming was a significant predictor of children’s psychological distress, but not children’s academic performance. Children’s reports of guan and shaming were significant predictors of their academic performance, but not their psychological distress. Children’s perceived cultural normativeness moderated the relation between maternal use of shaming and children’s psychological distress such that the association between mothers’ reports of the use of shaming and children’s psychological distress was stronger for children perceiving low cultural normativeness of shaming than for those perceiving high cultural normativeness of shaming. Findings are discussed in terms of the prevalence of the two indigenous parenting practices in Chinese immigrant families and their associations with children’s social adjustment and academic outcomes

Impact of multimorbidity count on all-cause mortality and glycaemic outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review protocol

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a leading health priority worldwide. Multimorbidity (MM) is a term describing the co-occurrence of two or more chronic diseases or conditions. The majority of people living with T2D have MM. The relationship between MM and mortality and glycaemia in people with T2D is not clear. Methods and analysis: Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Complete, The Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS will be searched with a prespecified search strategy. The searches will be limited to quantitative empirical studies in English with no restriction on publication date. One reviewer will perform title screening and two review authors will independently screen the abstract and full texts using Covidence software, with disagreements adjudicated by a third reviewer. Data will be extracted using a using a Population, Exposure, Comparator and Outcomes framework. Two reviewers will independently extract data and undertake the risk of bias (quality) assessment. Disagreements will be resolved by consensus. A narrative synthesis of the results will be conducted and meta-analysis considered if appropriate. Quality appraisal will be undertaken using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale and the quality of the cumulative evidence of the included studies will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. This protocol was prepared in adherence to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols guidelines to ensure the quality of our review. Ethics and dissemination: This review will synthesise the existing evidence about the impact of MM on mortality and glycaemic outcomes in people living with T2D and increase our understanding of this subject and will inform future practice and policy. Findings will be disseminated via conference presentations, social media and peer-reviewed publication

Deep learning-based fall detection

In the modern information era, fall accidents are one of the leading causes of injury, disability and death to elderly individuals. This research focuses on object detection and recognition using deep neural networks, which is applied to the theme of fall detection. We propose a deep learning algorithm with the capability to detect fall accidents based on the state-of-the-art object detector, YOLOv3. Our system is tested on a challenging video database with diverse fall accidents under different scenarios and achieves an overall accuracy rate of 63.33%. The proposed deep network shows great potential to be deployed in real-world scenarios for health monitoring

Shilling Black-box Review-based Recommender Systems through Fake Review Generation

Review-Based Recommender Systems (RBRS) have attracted increasing research interest due to their ability to alleviate well-known cold-start problems. RBRS utilizes reviews to construct the user and items representations. However, in this paper, we argue that such a reliance on reviews may instead expose systems to the risk of being shilled. To explore this possibility, in this paper, we propose the first generation-based model for shilling attacks against RBRSs. Specifically, we learn a fake review generator through reinforcement learning, which maliciously promotes items by forcing prediction shifts after adding generated reviews to the system. By introducing the auxiliary rewards to increase text fluency and diversity with the aid of pre-trained language models and aspect predictors, the generated reviews can be effective for shilling with high fidelity. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework can successfully attack three different kinds of RBRSs on the Amazon corpus with three domains and Yelp corpus. Furthermore, human studies also show that the generated reviews are fluent and informative. Finally, equipped with Attack Review Generators (ARGs), RBRSs with adversarial training are much more robust to malicious reviews

Atypical propylthiouracil-induced ANCA-positive vasculitis: report of a case with unusual clinical and histopathologic findings

The side effects of propylthiouracil, including cytopenia and vasculitis, are well established.  We present an interesting case in which cytopenia and cutaneous vasculopathy occurred concomitantly in a critically ill patient.  The patient was initially treated for suspected infection until dermatologic and rheumatologic workup revealed ANCA-positivity and vasculopathy on histopathology, most consistent with an atypical presentation of ANCA-positive vasculitis.  Upon initiation of immunosuppressive therapy, the patient’s condition rapidly improved emphasizing the importance of early recognition of this condition

Bringing "The Moth" to Light: A Planet-Sculpting Scenario for the HD 61005 Debris Disk

The HD 61005 debris disk ("The Moth") stands out from the growing collection of spatially resolved circumstellar disks by virtue of its unusual swept-back morphology, brightness asymmetries, and dust ring offset. Despite several suggestions for the physical mechanisms creating these features, no definitive answer has been found. In this work, we demonstrate the plausibility of a scenario in which the disk material is shaped dynamically by an eccentric, inclined planet. We present new Keck NIRC2 scattered-light angular differential imaging of the disk at 1.2-2.3 microns that further constrains its outer morphology (projected separations of 27-135 AU). We also present complementary Gemini Planet Imager 1.6 micron total intensity and polarized light detections that probe down to projected separations less than 10 AU. To test our planet-sculpting hypothesis, we employed secular perturbation theory to construct parent body and dust distributions that informed scattered-light models. We found that this method produced models with morphological and photometric features similar to those seen in the data, supporting the premise of a planet-perturbed disk. Briefly, our results indicate a disk parent body population with a semimajor axis of 40-52 AU and an interior planet with an eccentricity of at least 0.2. Many permutations of planet mass and semimajor axis are allowed, ranging from an Earth mass at 35 AU to a Jupiter mass at 5 AU.Comment: Accepted to AJ; added Figure 5 and minor text edit